^^^This, plus now, you have generations of elk that never leave private their entire lives. I also believe that, in the case of bachelor herds of bulls in particular, wintering areas and migration corridors have been lost. Elk learn from each other, and when the last ones using a particular wintering area are shot out, it takes a long, long time for other bulls to just up and find those areas on their own...if they ever do.
Nailed it. It’s not “normal” to see several hundred head of elk standing in a hay circle two miles outside of Dillon when it’s 85 degrees out.