PM’s, emails, “private support” and “underground conversations” about other HT guys?
Weird stuff right there. Good luck Fin.
It’s the deep state.
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PM’s, emails, “private support” and “underground conversations” about other HT guys?
Weird stuff right there. Good luck Fin.
It’s the deep state.
There are the breast pocket versions of the Wilderness Act and the US Constitution, with narrow personal literal interpretations for which folks are willing to "go to the mat" in defending ... then there are the more defined, refined, historically, and judicially interpreted and firmly established real versions to which most of the world adheres. I submit to you that if you adamantly advocate for the former, then you are in for continuously disappointing realizations which firmly establish the latter.
in Wilderness Watch v. Mainella, a case involving the use of motor vehicles
to transport tourists across a wilderness area in order to provide access to historic sites,
the Eleventh Circuit rejected the National Park Service's argument that the reference to
"historical use" in the Wilderness Act establishes the preservation of historical structures as
a goal of the Wilderness Act. 375 F.3d 1085, 1091 (11th Cir.2004). The Eleventh Circuit
noted that the mention of "historical use" in Section 4(c) came at the end of a list that also
referred to "recreational, scenic, scientific, 1073*1073 educational, [and] conservation"
uses. Id. at 1092.
On the Circuit's reading, this list related back to the prior definition of
wilderness areas in Section 2(c), which describes "an area of undeveloped Federal land
retaining its primeval character and influence, without permanent improvements or human
habitation" that "may also contain ecological, geological, or other features of scientific,
educational, scenic, or historical value." Id. The Circuit concluded that "given the consistent
evocation [in the Wilderness Act] of `untrammeled' and `natural' areas, the previous pairing
of `historical' with `ecological' and `geological' features, and the explicit prohibition on
structures, the only reasonable reading of `historical use' in the Wilderness Act refers to
natural, rather than man-made, features." Id. (emphasis added)
.
The Eleventh Circuit's reasoning on this issue was cited approvingly by this District in
Olympic Park Associates v. Mainella, a 2005 case involving the question of whether the
National Park Service violated the Wilderness Act when it decided to replace two collapsed
trail structures in the Olympic Wilderness. 2005 WL 1871114 at *1. The Park Service had
built replica structures outside of the wilderness, and planned to airlift them into the
wilderness with helicopters. Id. The Park Service argued that its decision was justified
because replacing the shelters would advance the "purposes of cultural resource
protection" in wilderness, and because the shelters were eligible for listing on the National
Register for Historic Places. Id. at **5-6. In rejecting these rationales, this court found
"persuasive" the Eleventh Circuit's holding in Wilderness Watch v. Mainella, and rejected
the Park Service's argument that placing a man-made structure in wilderness advanced
"cultural resource protection," stating that:
While the former structures may have been found to have met the requirements for historic preservation, that conclusion is one that is applied to a man-made shelter in the context of their original construction and use in the Olympic National Park. Once the Olympic Wilderness was designated, a different perspective on the land is required. Regarding the Olympic Wilderness, that perspective means `land retaining its primitive character and influence, without permanent improvements or human habitation, which is protected and managed so as to preserve its natural conditions.'
Id. at *6 (citing 16 U.S.C § 1131(c)).
Once again you are misinterpreting / misstating language. I can only guess that what you refer to as "absolute truth" is what is above-referred to as "firmly established real versions" or, in a word, reality. Your consistently narrow personal interpretation of the written language of the Act is what is sending you down the rabbit hole "chasing the rabbit ... ". Everyone has to be somewhere all the time ... so I strongly support your right and privilege to be digging in whatever hole you deem worthy of effort. Double-shovel carry on.I'm enjoying the research after finding what you describe above as almost absolute truth.
Me too ... and concede that often disagreement and ensuing discussion is healthy. However, excessiveness often leads to problems. I'm pretty sure we have agreement in opposing bikes in the wilderness, so it's not a case of polar opposition. It seems to me most of this contentious back and forth boils down to ideology versus reality.I respect we disagree.