You don't mention the land being posted, so the fact that it's fenced doesn't really signal anything. It's likely that the private ranch leases the BLM grazing rights, in which case the fence encompassing both the private and the BLM makes perfect sense. Go ahead and hunt it, just be careful you...
Sounds like you've been making wise financial decisions up to this point. I think you'd probably be fine to take a month off. The only thing I'll add is you didn't mention whether you had something lined up for after that month off? Would you be returning to the same job or have another job...